Results for 'Clifford Ian Kyer'

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  1.  19
    Legatus and Nuntius as Used to Denote Papal Envoys: 1245-1378.Clifford Ian Kyer - 1978 - Mediaeval Studies 40 (1):473-477.
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  2. Which moral exemplars inspire prosociality?Hyemin han, Clifford Ian Workman, Joshua May, Payton Scholtens, Kelsie J. Dawson, Andrea L. Glenn & Peter Meindl - 2022 - Philosophical Psychology 35 (7):943-970.
    Some stories of moral exemplars motivate us to emulate their admirable attitudes and behaviors, but why do some exemplars motivate us more than others? We systematically studied how motivation to emulate is influenced by the similarity between a reader and an exemplar in social or cultural background (Relatability) and how personally costly or demanding the exemplar’s actions are (Attainability). Study 1 found that university students reported more inspiration and related feelings after reading true stories about the good deeds of a (...)
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  3. Cinematic Representations of Facial Anomalies Across Time and Cultures.Connor Wagner, Clifford Ian Workman, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Satvika Kumar, Lauren Salinero, Carlos Barrero, Matthew Pontell, Jesse Taylor & Anjan Chatterjee - forthcoming - PsyArXiv Preprint:1-32.
    The “scarred villain” trope, where facial differences like scars signify moral corruption, is ubiquitous in film (e.g., Batman’s The Joker). Strides by advocacy groups to undermine the trope, however, suggest cinematic representations of facial differences could be improving with time. This preregistered study characterized facial differences in film across cultures (US vs. India) and time (US: 1980-2019, India: 2000-2019). Top-grossing films by country and decade were screened for characters with facial differences. We found that the scarred villain trope has actually (...)
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  4. Visual Attention, Bias, and Social Dispositions Toward People with Facial Anomalies: A Prospective Study with Eye-Tracking Technology.Dillan Villavisanis, Clifford Ian Workman, Zachary Zapatero, Giap Vu, Stacey Humphries, Daniel Cho, Jordan Swanson, Scott Bartlett, Anjan Chatterjee & Jesse Taylor - 2023 - Annals of Plastic Surgery 90 (5):482-486.
    Background: Facial attractiveness influences our perceptions of others, with beautiful faces reaping societal rewards and anomalous faces encountering penalties. The purpose of this study was to determine associations of visual attention with bias and social dispositions toward people with facial anomalies. -/- Methods: Sixty subjects completed tests evaluating implicit bias, explicit bias, and social dispositions before viewing publicly available images of preoperative and postoperative patients with hemifacial microsomia. Eye-tracking was used to register visual fixations. -/- Results: Participants with higher implicit (...)
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  5. Associations of Facial Proportionality, Attractiveness, and Character Traits.Dillan Villavisanis, Clifford Ian Workman, Daniel Cho, Zachary Zapatero, Connor Wagner, Jessica Blum, Scott Bartlett, Jordan Swanson, Anjan Chatterjee & Jesse Taylor - 2022 - Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 33 (5):1431-1435.
    Background: Facial proportionality and symmetry are positively associated with perceived levels of facial attractiveness. -/- Objective: The aims of this study were to confirm and extend the association of proportionality with perceived levels of attractiveness and character traits and determine differences in attractiveness and character ratings between "anomalous" and "typical" faces using a large dataset. -/- Methods: Ratings of 597 unique individuals from the Chicago Face Database were used. A formula was developed as a proxy of relative horizontal proportionality, where (...)
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  6. Facial Scars: Do Position and Orientation Matter?Zachary Zapatero, Clifford Ian Workman, Christopher Kalmar, Stacey Humphries, Mychajlo Kosyk, Anna Carlson, Jordan Swanson, Anjan Chatterjee & Jesse Taylor - 2022 - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 150 (6):1237-1246.
    Background: This study tested the core tenets of how facial scars are perceived by characterizing layperson response to faces with scars. The authors predicted that scars closer to highly viewed structures of the face (i.e., upper lip and lower lid), scars aligned against resting facial tension lines, and scars in the middle of anatomical subunits of the face would be rated less favorably. Methods: -/- Volunteers aged 18 years and older from the United States were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (...)
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  7.  96
    Religious perspectives on embryo donation and research.Ian H. Kerridge, Christopher F. C. Jordens, Rod Benson, Ross Clifford, Rachel A. Ankeny, Damien Keown, Bernadette Tobin, Swasti Bhattacharyya, Abdulaziz Sachedina, Lisa Soleymani Lehmann & Brian Edgar - 2010 - Clinical Ethics 5 (1):35-45.
    The success of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) worldwide has led to an accumulation of frozen embryos that are surplus to the reproductive needs of those for whom they were created. In these situations, couples must decide whether to discard them or donate them for scientific research or for use by other infertile couples. While legislation and regulation may limit the decisions that couples make, their decisions are often shaped by their religious beliefs. Unfortunately, health professionals, scientists and policy-makers are often (...)
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  8.  39
    Reorienting Clifford’s evidentialism: returning to social trust.Ian MacDonald - forthcoming - British Journal for the History of Philosophy:1-22.
    Reading W.K. Clifford’s “The Ethics of Belief” in evidentialist terms is standard. However, evidentialist accounts face several longstanding interpretive issues over the Shipowner Story and Clifford’s Motto. This article defends an evidentialist reading. But what distinguishes it from others is that it interprets “The Ethics of Belief” according to Clifford’s “first principle of natural ethics”, a principle he articulates in prior writings, and which comes down to social trust. I reorient Clifford’s evidentialism by returning to his (...)
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  9.  1
    The Factual Reference of Theological Assertions: PAUL R. CLIFFORD.Paul R. Clifford - 1967 - Religious Studies 3 (1):339-346.
    Professor Kai Nielsen is one of the most forceful proponents of the view that theological assertions have no factual reference because they are compatible with any empirical state of affairs; no evidence, it is alleged, is allowed to count as falsification of such assertions, and therefore they spuriously purport to be what they are not. In this he follows the well-known essay by Professor Antony Flew in which the same argument was advanced, and Nielsen's own most recent contribution on the (...)
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  10. Dealbreakers and the Work of Immoral Artists.Ian Stoner - 2023 - Journal of the American Philosophical Association 9 (3):389-407.
    A dealbreaker, in the sense developed in this essay, is a relationship between a person's psychology and an aspect of an artwork to which they are exposed. When a person has a dealbreaking aversion to an aspect of a work, they are blocked from embracing the work's aesthetically positive features. I characterize dealbreakers, distinguish this response from other negative responses to an artwork, and argue that the presence or absence of a dealbreaker is in some cases an appropriate target of (...)
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  11.  15
    The Image Before the Weapon: A Critical History of the Distinction between Combatant and Civilian. By Helen M. Kinsella.Ian Zuckerman - 2015 - Constellations 22 (1):159-161.
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  12.  26
    Incalculable Instrumental Value in the Endangered Species Act.Ian A. Smith - 2022 - Philosophia 50 (5):2249-2262.
    The Endangered Species Act of 1973 is one of America’s most powerful statutes, not only in American domestic environmental law, but in American domestic law in general. The first part of the ESA gives us the ‘Findings, Purposes, and Policy’ that underlie the Act. In this prefratory language, it is explicit that the ESA is referring to instrumental aesthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, and scientific values. But J. Baird Callicott and Andrew Wetzler argued that the ESA is also implicitly committed (...)
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  13. Brain death and organ donation.George Skowronski & Ian Kerridge - 2020 - In Stephen Honeybul (ed.), Ethics in neurosurgical practice. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  14.  4
    The Origins of Love and Hate.Ian Dishart Suttie - 1999 - Routledge.
    First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
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  15. Oxford.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith's experience at Balliol College was disappointing, since the dons he encountered were not interested in teaching, and their easy enjoyment of sinecures as Fellows did not encourage that competition for students, and therefore revenue, prevalent among the Glasgow professors, which kept them abreast of their subjects and in touch with the advances of Enlightenment thought, especially the New Philosophy of Locke and the New Science of Newton. Smith read widely on his own, in politics and modern languages, but with (...)
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  16. Literary Pursuits.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith expressed regret in 1780 that his Custom‐house duties held up ‘Several Works’ he had projected. One of these was on the subject of the ‘Imitative Arts,’ presumably his mimetic aesthetic philosophy. This was very likely connected with the two ‘Great Works’ he had ‘on the anvil’ on 1785. He described the first one as a ‘sort of Philosophical History of all the different branches of Literature, of Philosophy, Poetry, and Eloquence.’ The second he described as a ‘sort of theory (...)
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  17. Publishing Scholar and Administrator.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith understood that as a professor he was required to publish his work and help administer his University. While his reputation for absent‐mindedness grew, his Glasgow colleagues benefited from his sound practical bent and entrusted him with a wide range of university management issues. As for publishing, he began by contributing to the two numbers of the first Edinburgh Review: commenting on Johnson's Dictionary in 1755; and in 1756, on d’Alembert's Encyclopédie, also on Rousseau's Discourse on Inequality, whose argument about (...)
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  18. Settlement in Edinburgh.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith moved from Kirkcaldy to Edinburgh late in 1778, after his appointment as a Commissioner for managing His Majesty's Customs in Scotland. We may think it a paradox that this prominent advocate of free trade should end up enforcing the mercantile system, but there was a family tradition of Customs service, and while WN does attack restraints on some branches of trade and encouragement for others, especially in the form of monopolies, Smith was not an across the board economic libertarian. (...)
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  19. Teacher.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith wrote that his thirteen years as a Glasgow professor formed the most useful, and, therefore, the happiest and most honourable period of his life. His students joked about his absent‐mindedness and loved him for his benevolence and learning and also for the care he took over the delivery of his lectures. In due course, they disseminated Smith's ideas. Some were sons of local merchants, from whose fathers Smith learned about Glasgow's growing wealth from trading and manufacturing activities, then reflected (...)
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  20. The American Crisis and The Wealth of Nations.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    From 1773 until 1776, Smith remained in London ‐adding finishing touches to WN, whose publication was timed to seize Parliament's attention, and influence Members to support a peaceful resolution of the conflict with the American colonies. North America offered a major point of application for free‐market theory, and if Smith could win supporters, there was some hope of ending the cycle of violence induced by efforts to preserve the old colonial system involving economic restraints and prohibitions. Smith advocated the creation (...)
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  21. The Great Change.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith's last illness is described, along with his final order to have his unfinished manuscripts burned shortly before he died on 17 July 1790. His character is summed up as two‐sided: benevolent yet prudent, also firm and decisive, from one point of view; but from another darker one, that of a melancholy or, at times, volatile personality, subject to psychosomatic illness arising from his intense concentration on chains of abstract ideas. Nevertheless, he remained a tireless inquirer into human nature, particularly (...)
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  22. The Never to Be Forgotten Hutcheson.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith's university studies at Glasgow are described: in Greek, introducing him to the Stoic philosopher Epictetus; Aristotelian logic and metaphysics, including Locke's empiricism; and Euclidian geometry and Newtonian physics, which had seminal lessons for him in methodology. Above all, the inspiration of the teaching of Francis Hutcheson is assessed, who seized Smith's imagination with his teaching of ethics and economics as part of his jurisprudence course. Hutcheson's development of moral sense and benevolence theory is highlighted, as providing a kind of (...)
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  23. Times of Hardship and Distress.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    In the face of declining strength in the 1780s and grief over the death of his nearest relatives, his mother and his cousin Janet Douglas, Smith strove to leave behind him the works he had already published in the ‘best and most perfect state.’ It fell out that he completed the additions that went into the standard third edition of WN in a time of political distress. These included the rise and fall of Shelburne as the Prime Minister whose drive (...)
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  24. The Precariousness of This Life.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    From April to July, 1787 Smith was in London receiving medical attention and conferring with the government about fiscal and commercial reforms that allowed Britain to recover from the strains of the American war. On his return to Edinburgh in somewhat restored health, he set about preparing a greatly expanded sixth edition of TMS. This developed further the concept of the impartial spectator, and included an entirely new part VI, focused on moral theory applicable to such crucial issues as new‐modelling (...)
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  25. Travelling Tutor.Ian Simpson Ross - 1995 - In Ian Simpson Ross (ed.), The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford University Press UK.
    Smith's two‐year tour abroad with young Buccleuch was modest rather than ‘grand,’ but allowed him to investigate a range of regional economies and two unfamiliar political systems: France's autocracy and republican oligarchy in Switzerland. France's taxation problems in the aftermath of war were of particular interest to him, a topic found in WN. Most of his time was spent in Toulouse, when Voltaire was leading a successful fight for a posthumous retrial there of Jean Calas, a victim of religious bigotry (...)
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  26. Lectures and Essays.W. K. Clifford, Leslie Stephen & F. Pollock - 1879 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 9:450-463.
     
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  27.  13
    Groundwork of Phenomenological Marxism: Crisis, Body, World.Ian H. Angus - 2021 - Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books.
    This original, contemporary synthesis between phenomenology and Marx’s late work begins from Edmund Husserl’s The Crisis of the European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology to chart a new program for Socratic phenomenology in the current confrontation between planetary technology and place-based Indigeneity.
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  28.  11
    Galois and the simple group of order 60.Ian Stewart - 2024 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 78 (1):1-28.
    In his testamentary letter to Auguste Chevalier, Évariste Galois states that, in modern terminology, the smallest simple group has order 60. No proof of this statement survives in his papers, and it has been suggested that a proof would have been impossible using the methods available at the time. We argue that this assertion is unduly pessimistic. Moreover, one fragmentary document, dismissed as a triviality and misunderstood, looks suspiciously like cryptic notes related to this result. We give an elementary proof (...)
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  29.  23
    Dugald Stewart’s empire of the mind: moral education in the late Scottish enlightenment.Ian Stewart - 2023 - History of European Ideas 49 (2):481-483.
    Dugald Stewart is usually thought of as the final major figure of the Scottish Enlightenment. But though his name is a recognisable one among intellectual historians, few would probably be able to...
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  30.  67
    Community Epistemic Capacity.Ian Werkheiser - 2016 - Social Epistemology 30 (1):25-44.
    Despite US policy documents which recommend that in areas of environmental risk, interaction between scientific experts and the public move beyond the so-called “Decide, Announce, and Defend model,” many current public involvement policies still do not guarantee meaningful public participation. In response to this problem, various attempts have been made to define what counts as sufficient or meaningful participation and free informed consent from those affected. Though defining “meaningfulness” is a complex task, this paper explores one under-examined dimension that concerns (...)
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  31. On the nature of things-in-themselves.W. K. Clifford & C. K. - 1878 - Mind 3 (9):57-67.
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  32. Headaches and heartaches: the elephant management dilemma.Ian J. Whyte - forthcoming - Environmental Ethics: Introductory Readings, Ed. D. Schmidtz and E. Willot.
     
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  33.  4
    Intelligent Characteristics of Potential Microbial Life During the LHB.Ian von Hegner - 2024 - Philosophy and Cosmology 32.
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  34.  15
    Resource Stress Predicts Changes in Religious Belief and Increases in Sharing Behavior.Ian Skoggard, Carol R. Ember, Emily Pitek, Joshua Conrad Jackson & Christina Carolus - 2020 - Human Nature 31 (3):249-271.
    We examine and test alternative models for explaining the relationships between resource stress, beliefs that gods and spirits influence weather, and customary beyond-household sharing behavior. Our model, the resource stress model, suggests that resource stress affects both sharing as well as conceptions of gods’ involvement with weather, but these supernatural beliefs play no role in explaining sharing. An alternative model, the moralizing high god model, suggests that the relationship between resource stress and sharing is at least partially mediated by religious (...)
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  35.  6
    Demetrius of Tarsus’ Exploration of the Islands in the West.Ian Gordon Smith - 2022 - História 71 (2):225.
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  36.  7
    Prairie Dog Wars, the Philosophy of Biology, and Justice Scalia.Ian Smith - 2022 - In Ian Smith & Matt Ferkany (eds.), Environmental Ethics in the Midwest: Interdisciplinary Approaches. Michigan State University Press.
    In this chapter, I discuss the Endangered Species Act (ESA), along with explaining what the reader needs to know about species and about certain philosophical issues regarding species. I investigate how the late stalwart conservative Justice Antonin Scalia interpreted the fit between the Fish and Wildlife’s definition of harm in the Code of Federal Regulations and what the ESA implies about harm in a landmark Supreme Court case, Babbitt v. Sweet Home. Scalia argues that the FWS definition of “harm” is (...)
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  37. Die Muster der Natur = Nature's patterns.Ian Stewart - 2015 - In Rudolf Finsterwalder, Kristin Feireiss & Frei Otto (eds.), Form follows nature: eine Geschichte der Natur als Modell für Formfindung in Ingenieurbau, Architektur und Kunst = a history of nature as model for design in engineering, architecture and art. Basel: Birkhäuser.
     
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  38.  7
    Incorporating Next-Generation Views on Changes in Personality, Mood, and Behavior in Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation Devices.Ian Stevens - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):317-319.
    The findings identified by Zuk et al. (2023) demonstrate the importance of understanding personality, mood, and behavior (PMB) as theory and value-laden concepts. Although their research covered bo...
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  39.  10
    James Cowles Prichard and the Linguistic Foundations of Ethnology.Ian Stewart - 2023 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 46 (1):76-91.
    This article examines the English scholar James Cowles Prichard's attention to language and comparative philology within his wider project on the natural history of man. It reveals that linguistic evidence was among the most important elements for Prichard in his overarching scientific aim of investigating human physical diversity, and served as the evidential foundation for his ethnology. His work on Celtic comparative philology made him not only one of the earliest British adopters of German comparative grammar, but a comparative philologist (...)
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  40. Schaeffer's sound effects.Ian Stevenson - 2016 - In Sally Macarthur, Judith Irene Lochhead & Jennifer Robin Shaw (eds.), Music's immanent future: the deleuzian turn in music studies. Burlington, VT, USA: Ashgate.
     
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  41. The foundations of mathematics.Ian Stewart & David Tall - 1977 - New York: Oxford University Press. Edited by David Orme Tall.
    The Foundations of Mathematics (Stewart and Tall) is a horse of a different color. The writing is excellent and there is actually some useful mathematics. I definitely like this book."--The Bulletin of Mathematics Books.
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  42.  14
    One corner of the square: essays on the philosophy of Roger T. Ames.Ian M. Sullivan & Joshua Mason (eds.) - 2021 - Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.
    In a historical moment when cross-cultural communication proves both necessary and difficult, the work of comparative philosophy is timely. Philosophical resources for building a shared future marked by vitality and collaborative meaning-making are in high demand. Taking note of the present global philosophical situation, this collection of essays critically engages the scholarship of Roger T. Ames, who for decades has had a central role in the evolution of comparative and nonwestern philosophy. With a reflective methodology that has produced creative translations (...)
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  43.  69
    Limitations of Virtue Ethics in the Social Professions.Derek Clifford - 2014 - Ethics and Social Welfare 8 (1):2-19.
    The re-emergence of virtue ethics (henceforth VE) as both an academic theory and as an approach to applied ethics has contributed to the re-invigoration of ethical debate. It has encouraged reflective consideration of the nature of professionals' commitments to various values that constitute their personal and professional character, both collectively and individually. This paper argues that whilst there may be some value in the re-orientation of applied ethics towards questions of character, it has its limitations, including a tendency to be (...)
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  44.  32
    The Philosophy of Social Science Reader.Francesco Guala & Daniel Steel (eds.) - 2010 - New York: Routledge.
    _The Philosophy of Social Science Reader_ is an outstanding, comprehensive and up-to-date collection of key readings in the philosophy of social science, covering the essential issues, problems and debates in this important interdisciplinary area. Each section is carefully introduced by the editors, and the readings placed in context. The anthology is organized into seven clear parts: Values and Social Science Causal Inference and Explanation Interpretation Rationality and Choice Individualism Norms Cultural Evolution. Featuring the work of influential philosophers and social scientists (...)
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  45.  16
    On the Nature of Things-in-Themselves.W. K. Clifford & W. K. C. - 1878 - Mind 3 (9):57 - 67.
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  46.  23
    Perikles and the defence of Attika during the Peloponnesian War.Ian G. Spence - 1990 - Journal of Hellenic Studies 110:91-109.
    Given the increasing interest in ancient military history it seems timely to set Perikles' Peloponnesian War policy of avoiding major land battles in the context of the military options available and how these worked in practice. I should, however, sound one note of caution from the start. My discussion represents a modern assessment of the defence strategies and options available to Athens in 431. While Perikles and his successors undoubtedly considered how best to fight the war, it would be misleading (...)
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  47. Classical Social Theory.Ian Craib - 1997 - Oxford University Press.
    This is an excellent textbook on classical social theory, concentrating on the founding thinkers of sociology - Marx, Weber, Durkheim, and Simmel - and written in an accessible and engaging style. It will become a key text allowing students to assess the enduring significance of these writers in our epoch of major social change, and will be essential reading on classical social theory, sociological theory, and introduction to sociology courses.
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  48.  5
    Mollie, Countess Russell.Ian Watson - 2003 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 23 (1).
  49.  43
    Existentialism and sociology: a study of Jean-Paul Sartre.Ian Craib - 1976 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    A study of the work of Jean-Paul Sartre and of its relevance for contemporary sociology.
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  50. The shackles of reason: Sufi/deconstructive opposition to rational thought.Ian Almond - 2003 - Philosophy East and West 53 (1):22-38.
    : The status of Ibn 'Arabi and Derrida as thinkers is examined: their disagreements with rational/metaphysical thought on the basis of différance and what Ibn 'Arabi calls al-haqq or the Real. Advantage is taken of the fact that both writers speak of emancipatory projects in their work-the freeing of writing from the shackles of logocentric thought and of the unthinkably Divine (the Real) from the constructs of philosophers and theologians. Just as Ibn 'Arabi believes that no thinker can provide ''a (...)
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